How would you respond to someone who used Isaiah 66:17 or 65:3-4 to prove that Christians ought not to eat pork? This does seem to imply that John was almost certainly less than thirty when he began to follow Jesus. Upon completion of this course, you will have sufficient information to engage in a reasonable discussion about the Bible with a pastor, an atheist, or anybody else. . The Jewish people shouted in . However, you should research what this phrase means: I wish mercy, not sacrifice. Because I have not come to summon the righteous, but sinners, as some have said. (NIV) 5:29 (Luke 5:29) A big gathering of tax collectors and others joined them for a lavish meal at Levis home, which was attended by a large number of people, including Jesus. In order for him to teach in the Temple area in Jerusalem, he would have had to have a pedigree that allowed it. But I suspect you mean in the flesh, so Matthew and John, yes. As a Jew, entering this profession amounted to a betrayal of his people, which was difficult to swallow. Matthew was one of Jesus Christs twelve disciples, and he served in this capacity. Hebrew Scriptures reference: Exodus 12:1-51. Jesus had walked down from the brow of the low mountain outside of Capernaum, his adopted home ( Matthew 4:12-16 ). Follow me, Jesus said to him, and Levi got up, left everything and followed him. Luke 5:2728. As Jesus continued his journey, he came upon a guy called Matthew who was working at the tax collectors booth. The Gospels of Mark, Matthew, and Luke all include much of the same materialmiracles, teachings, sayingsand for this reason are similar. Date last updated: January 19, 2022. But Matthew mentions them 28 times. Matthew, however, was the only one of the four Gospel writers who presented Jesus to the Jews as the long-awaited Messiah, customizing his tale to satisfy their questions. during the Roman-Judean War that one of the revolutionary factions came to identify itself formally as the Zealots. The earliest records say he carried out his ministry in Ethiopia (not what we consider Ethiopia, but a region south of the Caspian Sea), Persia, Macedonia, and/or Syria. Matthew is regarded as one of the Four Evangelists of the New Testament. All three Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) make mention of him, as does the book of Acts, which lists him among the disciples. Matthew was a tax collector. In order to be a disciple of Jesus Christ, Matthew obviously wouldve had to live at the same time. For a short time after healing the paralytic, Jesus remains in the area of Capernaum by the Sea of Galilee. First and foremost, here are some short facts. Clement of Alexandria quotes Heracleon, one of the earliest commentators on the New Testament, as saying that Matthew died naturally: But neither will this utterance be found to be spoken universally; for all the saved have confessed with the confession made by the voice, and departed. No other disciples wives are ever mentioned. Like Mark 1:14, Matthew begins after John the Baptist is imprisoned; John 1-5 shows that Jesus' ministry actually began earlier, interspersing ministry in Judea and Galilee before moving to Capernaum. It is, however, the end of the story. One may assume that since he was running a fishing business when he met Jesus that he was "in his early thirties, born, like Jesus, some time before the turn of the century," (Thiede). This ritual was an obligatory ceremony for firstborn boys according to the Law of Moses. If Jesus gave him the name Matthew or whether he chose it himself, Matthew is a truncation of the name Mattathias, which meaning gift of Yahweh or simply Gods gift. Mattheus arranged a huge goodbye feast at his home in Capernaum on the same day Jesus persuaded him to follow him. Answer Neither the Bible nor any other source specifies the ages of any of Jesus initial twelve apostles. ' But go and find out what it means when someone says, I wish mercy, not sacrifice. I have not come to summon the righteous, but sinners,' says the Lord. (Matt 11:25). St. Matthew, also known as St. Matthew the Evangelist, St. Matthew the Apostle, or Levi, (lived in the first centuryce in Palestine; Western feast day September 21, Eastern feast day November 16), was one of the Twelve Apostles ofJesus Christ and the traditional author of the firstSynoptic Gospel (theGospel According to Matthew). After that, if the youngster was clever and motivated in continuing his religious studies, he would seek out and follow a rabbi who would mentor him, and he would model his life after the rabbi until he was 30 years old. He knew the human heart and the longings of the Jewish people. When He went ashore, He saw a large crowd, and felt compassion for them and healed their sick. Wait There Were How Many Herods?! At that time Matthew's name was Levi; he was the son of Alphaeus. Mattew put together a masterpiece that, like any genuinely great narrative, instills perspective and inspires understanding while constantly directing us to the true Christ. (according to the Bible) Fishermen . John was the son of Zebedee who was also a fisherman in Galilee. Virtually everything we really know about Matthew comes directly from the gospels. "The Central Synagogue of Nazareth Illit and its Architectural Dialogue with Nazareths Basilica of the Annunciation." However, there are a few counter-arguments, with the most important being that the early church claimed John as its own. His presence in the New Testament is remarkable, given that he only appears in a handful of places in the gospels and other writings. 2 There He was transfigured before them. The richer they were, the worse they were assumed to be. Last modified on Wed 20 Sep 2017 12.17 EDT. Major Themes The majority of experts think that Jesus lived from from 4 BC to approximately 30 or 33 AD. He was born to Joseph and Mary sometime between 6 bce and shortly before the death of Herod the Great (Matthew 2; Luke 1:5) in 4 bce. But after that, the consistent picture of the disciples is of an older Peter and James with long beards, some gray hair, or balding heads, clearly middle aged, and clearly older than their strapping young Rabbi. And despite his position as a religious outsider, Jesus gave him a prominent position within what would eventually become the largest religion in the world. in that of "Simon who is called (or named) Peter" (Matthew 10:2), a new name was given that practically superseded the old. Who Was Herod? So all of this suggests a very startling, and in some ways endearing picture of the disciples. The men were Moses and Elijah. They had an urgent request. Matthew was meticulous in his record-keeping. Mostly older teenagers, young Jewish bachelors, and not blue-chip Harvard stars either. If Matthew was, in fact, the same person who was called Levi, then his. One of Christ's 70 disciples and the four evangelists, Saint Mark was born in Cyrene, Libya but his date of birth is unknown. The scripture that can be confusing in this connection is Mark 1:14-20. Some of these accounts appeared to be at least loosely based on reality, supporting details about how people died and where they traveled to. St. Matthew, also called St. Matthew the Evangelist, St. Matthew the Apostle, or Levi, (flourished 1st century ce, Palestine; Western feast day September 21, Eastern feast day November 16), one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ and the traditional author of the first Synoptic Gospel (the Gospel According to Matthew ). We know that a number of them had well-established occupations, such as fisherman (Peter, Andrew, James, and John) or tax collector (James and John) (Matthew). He was loyal to Jesus and once committed, he never wavered in serving the Lord. It is in Matthew 16:21 (ESV) that we find the first prophecy, which states: From that point on, Jesus started to teach his followers that He must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things from the elder and chief priest and scribes, and be crucified, and on the third day be risen. (Matthew 16:21, English Standard Version) Matthew distinguishes this section from the others by beginning it with the words From that time. The usage of this word earlier in the book, when Matthew uses it to stress the commencement and direction of Jesus mission while stating His primary message: Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand, may bring this phrase back to your memory (Matthew 4:17 ESV). Commentary: One of the most pervasive images in the New Testament is that of Jesus as our Passover lamb. Additionally, we can assume Jesus' age through the Book of John in which three Passovers are recorded (John 2:13, 6:4, 11:55). When called by Jesus, Matthew immediately left his tax collection booth and followed the Lord ( Matthew 9:9 ). In it, Jesus appears to Matthew as a boy and tells him to go to the city of Myrna (an unknown location), which is inhabited by man eaters. Upon arriving there, Matthew performs miracles and casts out demons. Some argue that Jesus referred to him in Matthew 13:52, because his job wouldve technically made him fit the description of scribe., The scribe of Matthew 13:52 is, no doubt, Matthew himself, who as a tax collector had been a secular scribe. Those in charge of editing the Encyclopaedia Britannica Melissa Petruzzello was the author of the most recent revision and update to this article. The Matthew recorded in the gospels as being a disciple of Jesus would of course have met him. Jesus likens him to a person bringing forth treasures new and oldthe old being those acquired as a tax collector (such as gifts for accuracy and organization), the new being Jesus teachings; about the kingdom of heaven. As a man doubly equipped, Matthew is now ready for further scribal activitythe writing of the book that bears his name. Walter A. Elwell and B.J. 4 (2018): 55161. He was inspired by the Holy Spirit and learned from Jesus brilliance by actually walking with Him and learning from His teaching. The Gospel of Matthew was written 30-40 years after Jesus' resurrection, indicating that Matthew was perhaps in his 20s when following Jesus on earth. Jesus with Moses and Elijah. No one has ever heard of Jesus concept of loving everyone. The holy city, Jerusalem, comes down from out of heaven, looking as new and innocent as a bride ready for her husband. The first time Nicodemus is mentioned, he is identified as a Pharisee who comes to see Jesus at night. St Matthew became a saint because he was one of the four gospel writers, and one of Jesus helpers, and also St Matthew preached the Good News, even after Jesus was crucified What did St. Notes for Class: Apologetics, Biblical Criticism and Inspiration, 2010 International Christian Evidences Conference. [ a] 3 Then two men were there, talking with him. Aside from a handful of mentions in the gospels, he's a surprisingly obscure New Testament figure. He agrees to serve as one of the 12 apostles. . The Bible does not give us many more details except that Matthew immediately throws a party and invites all of his friends. The earliest evidence that he may have written it comes from Papias of Hierapolis, as quoted by Eusebius of Caesarea in Church History: So then Matthew wrote the oracles in the Hebrew language, and every one interpreted them as he was able.. Almost certainly, they were only students of the Rabbi, Jesus of Nazareth, who taught them. The Greek word for . In fact, the age for following a Rabbi was considerably less than 30 years oldprobably less than 20. Aside from a handful of mentions in the gospels, hes a surprisingly obscure New Testament figure. The wealthier they were, the worse it was considered that they were. On the basis of Lukes specific aging in 3:23, everyone accepts that Jesus was around 30 years old throughout his ministry. There are a few counter arguments, but the main one is that the early church claimed John Mark wrote down Peters account of Jesus ministry . According to what we can gather from the book of Acts, the early Jesus movement was referred to as The Way (Acts 9:2; Acts 24:14). The account recorded in the Gospel of Matthew has Jesus bestowing the name on Peter after the latter confesses, "You are the Christ, the son of . They were religious outsiders, because the way they practiced their profession openly defied the Law of Moses. Jesus was taken to the Temple in Jerusalem for the Jewish religious ritual of Redemption when he was 40 days old. Instead of killing Matthew, the fire burns down the kings idols and engulfs some of his soldiers. Matthew was a tax collector , so financially he was stable , but the jews hated all tax collectors as they worked for the mighty Romans, but once he met Jesus his life was changed. Youll walk away from it with enough knowledge to have a thoughtful conversation about the Bible with a pastor, an atheist, or anyone else. 17 Six days later, Jesus took Peter, James, and John the brother of James up on a high mountain. His message was not polished, but blunt and to the point. Matthews gospel appears to be greatly influenced by Marks gospel (which explains why there are so many comparable passages), yet the Gospel of Mark is thought to have been written by a man named John Mark, who was not an eyewitness to the events in the Gospel of Mark. Because weve been far more formed by Bible movies than by the Biblical data on hand. Each of these four writers used their writings to spread the good news of Jesus Christ. I cant help but think of the scene from The Chronicles of Narnia: When it comes to The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, In the middle of the night, Susan and Lucy are strolling with Aslan through the woods, gripping his mane and falling in love with him, only to realize that they are actually travelling with him to the Stone Table. However, because males began working at a young age maybe as early as 12 that would be regarded unacceptable today, it is possible that estimating their ages would be a suitable solution. So what do we really know about him? By the time they arrived at their final objective of Jerusalem, which they were well on their way there, the time for these occurrences would have come. And its also possible that its simply a matter of him having a Greek name (Matthew) and a Hebrew name (Levi), like how the Apostle Paul was also known by Saul. However, this does not rule out the possibility that Matthew wrote this gospel as well. 64 views, 2 likes, 0 loves, 1 comments, 3 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Mt. Tax collectors were held to a low standard of responsibility. They were considered religious outcasts since the manner in which they carried out their profession publicly flouted the Law of Moses. Deuteragonist: After Jesus, he is the second-most important character of the story, and since Jesus is the Son of God, Peter's the person getting the most Character Development.Season 3 especially focuses on him overcoming (the first of) his doubts toward Jesus. Despite the fact that Matthew is revered as a martyr, no one knows for certain where or how he perished. Later apocryphal texts emerged claiming to be written by him, and some early church fathers supported these texts, but the works only survive in fragments and quotations, and modern scholarship is divided on their authorship. We create research-based articles and handy infographics to help people understand the Bible. Matthew the apostle had previously worked as a dishonest tax collector motivated solely by avarice, until Jesus Christ picked him to be one of his disciples. But all the disciples are present ( theycame to Capernaum vs 24). As we approach the first of three instances on which Jesus prophesied both His death and resurrection to His followers, Id like to take a minute to look forward to these three occurrences in particular. There are several conflicting accounts about his death. God has the ability to utilize anybody to assist him in his job. Jesus encountered Matthew at a tax booth in Capernauma city on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. St. Matthew's German Evangelical Lutheran Church, Saint Matthew the Apostle, patron saint archive, "Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle, Washington, D.C", "Introduction to New Testament History and Literature", "Pleasurable Perplexity: Reflecting the Holy City", "Visions of kingdoms: From Pompey to the first Jewish revolt", "Introduction to the Gospels and Acts of the Apostles", "The Synoptic Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles: Telling the Christian Story", Benedict XVI, "Matthew", General audience, 30 August 2006, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew_the_Apostle&oldid=1142212172, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 03:25. No one dared to disagree with them since their judgments were enforced by Roman soldiers. Join our email list, and well send you some of our best free resourcesplus well tell you whenever we make something new. When Jesus called Matthew to follow him, he was a tax collector (or "publican")one of the most reviled professions in ancient Judaism. Imagine this scene if the brothers were grown men (Matthew 20:20-24)! Jesus, everyone agrees, was about 30 years old during his ministry, based on Luke's explicit aging in 3:23. JESUS CALLS MATTHEW, THE TAX COLLECTOR. The Gospel of Matthew leaves little room for confusion though: hes called the tax collector in the list of disciples: These are the names of the twelve apostles: first, Simon (who is called Peter) and his brother Andrew; James son of Zebedee, and his brother John; Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus; Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed him. Matthew 10:24. As a tax collector, Matthews job wouldve involved meticulously recording and documenting tax information. In the first few centuries of the church, countless legends sprouted about the apostlesso many that it essentially became its own genre. As one of the twelve apostles, Matthew was there throughout almost all of Jesus ministry. This account is no longer accepted by the majority of researchers today. The king repeatedly makes moves to try and kill him, eventually having him nailed to the ground and lit on fire. We see in Scripture, how majestically he spoke out to the crowd on the day of Pentecost. That said, yes, Matthew could technically be called a scribebut probably not as its often used in the Bible. Most scholars dont accept this account today. Matthew 2:17 quotes Jeremiah 31:15. Matthew was a man who could have moved comfortably in political circles, and his book mentions things that someone in his position would know. Home PhilosophyReligion Personages associated with religion Scholars Saints Popesapostle Alternative titles include: Levi, St. Matthew the Apostle, and St. Matthew the Evangelist are all names for the same person. Anyone who has done fishing knows that it can be hit and miss while out one the waters. When Jesus summoned Matthew to follow him, he was working as a tax collector (also known as a publican), which was considered one of the most despised occupations in ancient Judaism. Based on the lack of other mentions of him in the biblical . The Apostle Matthew, also known as Saint Matthew and Levi, was one of Jesus Christs twelve disciples and was born in the city of Nazareth. 3 Suddenly Moses and Elijah appeared before them, talking with Jesus. So why would an eyewitness use an account written by someone who wasnt there? Did Jesus encourage the apostles to break the Sabbath? Beyond include Matthew in the list of Apostles and frequently pairing him with St. Outside of the New Testament, the text from theApostolic FatherPapias of Hierapolispreserved by BishopEusebius of Caesarea is significant since it states: So then Matthew authored the Oracles in theHebrew language, and each one interpreted them as he was capable. The Gospel is a collection of stories about Jesus Christ. For example, his account of the Resurrection tells that those assigned to guard the Savior's tomb saw two angels roll back the stone that covered the door of the tomb. I am definitely not an expert on this question, but I have read a number of speculations by different authors on this subject. As he walks on, he sees Matthew, who is also . by Ryan Nelson | Apr 1, 2019 | Bible characters. He exalts the humble and lays low those who are proud. Verse Concepts. According to the system in place under the Roman Empire, Matthew would have paid all of the taxes in advance and then collected money from locals and tourists to compensate himself. John, his brother James, Peter, and Andrew were all partners in the fishing business before they became disciples of Jesus. Especially since hes talking about a text that was originally written in Hebrew or Aramaic, and the Gospel of Matthew appears to have been originally written in Greek, not translated into it. Copyright 2022 . In addition to the Gospel of Mark and to a source with sayings of Jesus (referred . This brings us to the conclusion that he was 33 - 35 when Jesus died and that 33 A.D is the most probable year of his death. Become a member today. While there are credible arguments against his authorship, no alternative writer has been named. Matthew, one of Jesus twelve apostles, was present for virtually the whole duration of Jesus public ministry. For this reason, it has commonly been speculated that many or perhaps all of the apostles were more in the range of 20 years old or possibly even less. . Topic:When it comes to the disciples, the question of how they could have written their letters 30 or more years after the crucifixion of the Christ tends to come up frequently. Think about that: they were worried about putting a tax collector in charge of their money, but Judas not only stole from the money bag (John 12:6), but ultimately betrayed Jesus. Commit your way to the LORD, trust also in Him, and He shall bring it to pass" (verses 4-5). These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Another relevant fact is that John lived until at least AD96 when Revelation was written, which is 66 years after Jesus died. Log InBack to top. There are other ancient Christian and Gnostic writings about Matthew or even claiming to be written by him, some of which appeared centuries after his death (such as the so-called Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew.). There are legends about his ministry, but no substantial records of his role in the early church. This all changed for Matthew when Jesus crossed his path and said, Follow me. Thats all there is to it. He is also listed among the twelve, but without identification of his background, in Mark 3:18, Luke 6:15 and Acts 1:13. Certain scholars believe that Matthews Gospel has internally referenced evidence that ties it to Matthews profession, which might suggest that he was the biblical author. Matthew, Mark, and Luke all mention him, and he is included in the list of the disciples in the book of Acts. In 2013, a group portrait of American male teenagers was taken. Lebanon Baptist Church: Join us for our Sunday Morning Service with. Little is known about this apostle. He gave lectures near the seaside and from the top of a mountain. 0:00. In Matthew 17:24, he tells us the precise amount of the temple tax: After Jesus and his disciples arrived in Capernaum, the collectors of the two-drachma temple tax came to Peter and asked, Doesnt your teacher pay the temple tax?. In the end, how much do we actually know about him? Tradition mentions his ministry inJudaea, following which he is said to have embarked on a journey to the East, which might have taken him to Ethiopia or Persia. According to this interpretation, Matthew (which is likely to mean Yahwehs Gift) would appear to be the Christian name of Levi (whom Mark refers to as Levi the son of Alphaeus), who had been working as a tax collector in the service of Herod Antipas, the tetrarch of Galilee at the time of Jesus birth. Revealing Christ is our current series where we are delving further into the Scriptures of Matthew 15:29 17:23, where Peter declared Jesus to be the Christ, the Son of God, and where Peter, James, and John witnessed Jesus transfiguration. Interestingly, Matthew calls this person Matthew, and Mark and Luke call him Levi: As Jesus went on from there, he saw a man named Matthew sitting at the tax collectors booth. They clearly hadnt passed muster for special Rabbinic training, but having been with Jesus for 3 years, and seeing him alive again, gave them special qualifications: When they observed the boldness of Peter and John and realized that they were uneducated and untrained men, they were amazed and knew that they had been with Jesus. Not only do we read the recorded interaction between Jesus and His followers, but as we read the tale, our gaze is drawn to the cross and the resurrection of Jesus Christ as well. Matthews relics were allegedly unearthed in the Italian city of Salerno in 1080. Peter is the exception to this, but because his brother Andrew is not married, and theyre working with James and John (Luke 5:10 perhaps their two families have a joint business venture), it stands to reason they are roughly the same age. Tc gi: www.britannica.com Again, this in itself does not clinch the matter. The Beginners Guide to the Bible gives you an overview of what the Bible is, what its for, and what its all about. A few of the disciples had just witnessed Jesus transfiguration and heard the voice of the Father saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased; listen to Him. In this second instance, the disciples had actually just witnessed Jesus transfiguration and heard the Father say, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased; listen to Him (Matt. He is mentioned just seven times in the whole Bible, if you include parallel verses. You . And in the Lords Prayer, Matthew makes a curious substitution. Tax collectors had very little accountability. According to him, money is everything in life and he broke Gods rules in order to enrich himself at the expense of his nation and other people. Adopted home ( Matthew 16:21, English Standard Version ) Matthew distinguishes this section from brow... Was loyal to Jesus and once committed, he is also listed among the twelve apostles. their were! If the brothers were grown men ( Matthew 16:21, English Standard Version Matthew!, not sacrifice blue-chip Harvard stars either is no longer accepted by the Biblical data on hand learning from teaching. One has ever heard of Jesus would of course have met him to teach in the area of by. Concept of loving everyone of other mentions of him in the Temple in Jerusalem, never. Course have met him about his how old was matthew when he met jesus, but sinners, ' says the (... 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